Effect of ascorbic acid on chemical content and viability of cocoa seed after storage
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Abstract
Storage of oily seeds will make the seeds deteriorated, this caused by auto-oxidation. It will changes the biochemical and physiology of the seeds. Application of Antioxidant can prevent the activity of auto-oxidation. This research aimed to study the effect of ascorbic acid to minimize the deterioration by observing the chemical content and viability of Theobroma cacao L. seeds. It was conducted at kaliwining experimental station, Indonesia Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember, East Java and at Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga, Central Java. The research used Completely Randomized Design and T-test analysis. The treatments consisted of four ascorbic acid concentrations, i.e. 0 ppm as control, 250 ppm, 300 ppm, and 350 ppm. The treated cacao seeds were stored on two shelf life i.e. 1 week and 2 weeks. Each treatment was repeated with seven replications. Data analysis used SAS 9.0. The results showed that ascorbic acid application can effect on reducing sugar, protein, lipid, free fatty acid content, and viability of cocoa seeds. Ascorbic acid with concentration of 250 ppm and 300 ppm can maintain cocoa seeds viability until 2 weeks of shelf life.
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Sekewael, W., Pudjihartati, E., & Santoso, T. (2020). Effect of ascorbic acid on chemical content and viability of cocoa seed after storage. Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal), 35(2), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v35i2.354
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Biabani ,A.; Boggs, L.C; Katozi, M; Sabouri, H. (2011). Effects of seed deterioration and inoculation with Mesorhizobium cicero on uield and plant performance of chickpea. AJCS, 5(1), 66-70.
Dolatabadian, Aria and Modarressanavy, Mohamad. (2008) Effect of the ascorbic acid, pyridoxine and hydrogen peroxide treatments on germination, catalase activity, protein and malodialdehyde content of three oil seeds. Not.Bot. Hort. Agrobot, vol. 36 (2), p 61-66.
Faithfull, N. T. (2002) Method in Agricultural chemical analysis A practical handbook. CAB International. USA
Halimursyadah dan Endang Murniati. (2008) Pengaruh senyawa antioksidan sebelu simpan terhadap umur simpan benih kapas. Jurnal floratek,vol 3, 1-9.
Ikić, I., M. Maričević, S. Tomasović, J. Gunjača, Z. Šatović and H. Šarčević. (2012) The effect of germination temperature on seed dormancy in Croatian-grown winter wheats. Euphytica., vol 1, 25-34.
Jurgen Hansen and Moller (1975) Percolation of starch and soluble carbohydrates frome plant tissue for quantitative determination with anthrone. Analytical Biochemistry vol 68 (1), 87-94.
Justice, O. L. dan Louis, N. Bass. (2002) Prinsip dan Praktek Penyimpanan Benih. Rajawali Pers.
Khan, M.B., M.A. Gurchani, M. Hussain, S. Freed, and K. Mahmood (2011) Wheat seed enhancement by vitamin and hormonal priming. Pak. J. Bot 43(3),1495-1499
Mello, Juliana Iura de Oliveira, Claudio José Barbedo, Antonio Salatino and Rita de Cássia Leone Figueiredo-Ribeiro (2010) Reserve carbohydrate and lipids from the seeds of four tropical tree species with different sensitivity to dessication. Braziian Archives of Biology and Technology international journal. Vol 53(4), 889-899.
Moori, Saeed, dan Eisvand, R, Hamid. (2017) Plant growth regulators and ascorbic acid effects on physiological quality of wheat seedlings obtained from deteriorated seeds. Journal Botanical. 49(5), 1811-1819.
Muzaiyanah. S. (2009) Minimalisasi kemunduran benih kakao selama disimpan dengan pemberian ekstrak ganggang hijau biru. Jember, Indonesia: Universitas Jember, Magister Thesis.
Nangin, Debora dan Sutrisno, Aji. (2015) Enzim amylase pemecah pati mentah dari mikroba : Kajian Pustaka. Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri. Vol 3(3). Hal 1032-1039.
Nguyen, Phuong, Cueff, Gwendal, Hegedus, Dwayne, Rajjouo, Loic, & Bentsink, Leonie. (2015). A role for seed storage protein in Arabidopsis seed longevity. Journal Experimental Botany. Vol 66(20), 6399-6413.
Pastori, G.M. Kiddle, G. Antoniw, J. Bernard, S. Jovanovic , S.V. Verrier, P.J. Noctor, G. Foyer, C.H. (2003). Leaf vitamin C contents modulate plant defense transcripts and regulate genes that control development through hormone signaling. The Plant Cell. Vol 15. 939-951.
Poljsak, Borut and Ionescu, John. (2009) Pro-Oxidant vs Antioxidant Effects of Vitamin C. In: Kucharski, H, and Zajac, K. Handbook of Vitamin C Research : Daily Requirements, Dietary Sources and Adverse Effects (eds). p 1-31. Nova science publisher, Inc. UK.
Shahhat, I.M.A. Ghazal, M.G. Mohamed, G.S. (2014). Effect of ascorbic acid and niacin on protein, oil fatty acids and antibacterial activity of Lupinus thermis Seeds. Intl. Jour. Of Pharmacognosy and phytochemical Research. 6(4). 866-873.
Sharma, P.; Jha, A.B.; Dubey, R. S.; Pessarakli. M. (2012). Reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage and antioxidative defense mechanism in plants under stressful condition. Journal of Botany, Volume 2012, Article ID 217037, 26 pages doi:10.1155/2012/217037
Sutopo, L. (2010). Teknologi Benih. Edisi Revisi. PT. Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta, Indonesia
Tavili, A., S. Zare, and A. Enayati. (2009). Hydropriming, ascorbic and salicylic acid influence on germination of Agropyron elongatum Host. Seeds under salt stress. Res. J. Seed Sci.:1-7.
Yuniarti Naning, Syamsuwida, Aminah. (2013). Dampak perubahan fisiologis dan biokimia benih eboni (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) Selama penyimpanan. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman vol 10 (2), 65-71.
Yuniarti, Naning, and Nuhasybi. (2015). Perubahan viabilitas dan biokimia benih bambang lanang (Michelia champaca Linn.) pada berbagai tingkat pengeringan dan metode penyimpanan. Jurnal Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan. 3(1), 31-42.
Zumani, D.; Suhartono (2018). Pemanfaatan antioksidan pada seed coating untuk mempertahankan vigor benih kedelai di penyimpanan. Jurnal Siliwangi, vol 4(1), 47-54.